Müllerian Anomalies: Understanding Uterine Structural Variations and Fertility

Most women assume that every uterus is shaped the same—but variations in uterine anatomy, known as Müllerian anomalies, exist and can influence fertility and pregnancy outcomes.

What Are Müllerian Anomalies?

Müllerian anomalies arise during fetal development when the structures that form the uterus and fallopian tubes do not develop or fuse normally. Examples include a septate uterus or a unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn.

How They Affect Reproduction

These anomalies may not interfere with conception, but they can increase the risk of:

• Recurrent miscarriage

• Preterm delivery

• Fetal malpresentation

• Placental complications
  

Diagnosis and management allow many women to achieve successful pregnancies.

How We Diagnose and Treat

Accurate evaluation includes imaging techniques such as 3D ultrasound or MRI to define uterine anatomy. Surgical correction—for example, hysteroscopic resection of a uterine septum—can improve pregnancy outcomes when indicated.

If you’ve experienced pregnancy losses, preterm births, or unusual uterine symptoms, a structural evaluation can offer valuable insights and empower your fertility journey.